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The cellular mechanism underlying the CGS mediated inhibitio
2024-01-26
The cellular mechanism underlying the CGS12066-mediated inhibition of glutamate release from hippocampal nerve terminals through presynaptic 5-HT1B receptors remains to be elucidated. 5-HT1B receptors are coupled to PTX-sensitive G proteins (Gi or Go) that have been shown to inhibit AC activity as w
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion
2024-01-26
Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, we observed that PACAP2 immunoreactivity is mainly distributed in the telencephalon, hippocampus, and cerebellum of the zebrafish brain. This distribution pattern is similar to that reported in a previous study in which PACAP immunorea
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Brain biopsy was performed from the white
2024-01-26
Brain biopsy was performed from the white matter lesion around the posterior horn of the right lateral ventricle, and revealed inflammatory demyelination, such as myelin loss with relative preservation of axons, astrocytosis immnolabeled by fexofenadine hydrochloride against glial fibrillary acidic
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REM sleep is proposed to create an environment to facilitate
2024-01-26
REM sleep is proposed to create an environment to facilitate plasticity processes that create a generalized downregulation of synaptic strength (Grosmark et al., 2012; Tononi and Cirelli, 2014), while synapses are upregulated specifically by the reactivation of neuronal firing sequences experienced
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Concerning asthma in a study evaluating the effect of tiotro
2024-01-26
Concerning asthma, in a study evaluating the effect of tiotropium in severe asthma, the sputum eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide were also assessed. However, evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of tiotropium was difficult because these markers were low at baseline and thereafter. In a
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The major strength of this study is the large sample
2024-01-26
The major strength of this study is the large sample size which increases the statistical power to detect the likely subtle differences in peripheral methylation observed in psychiatric disorders (Olsson et al., 2010). Larger studies help provide more robust estimates of true associations, as small
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br Implications for cancer ROS have a long history of
2024-01-25
Implications for cancer ROS have a long history of being involved in the development and progression of cancer and increased ROS level is considered as a hallmark of many tumors [76], [77]. Initially, it was thought that ROS would serve as chemical mutagens that would indiscriminately damage cell
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br AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As shown
2024-01-25
AR signaling and urothelial cancer progression As shown in other types of malignancies, such as prostate cancer cells, it has been documented that androgens induce AR expression and its nuclear translocation as well as ARE promoter activity in urothelial cancer cells (Chen et al., 2003, Izumi et
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Clinical observations of individuals with a decrease
2024-01-25
Clinical observations of individuals with a decrease in 12-LOX Blebbistatin are consistent with 12-LOX potentiating platelet activation and thrombus formation [40]. However, the relative contribution of 12-LOX to these complex disorders cannot be fully elucidated in the absence of a biochemical asse
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br Materials and methods br Results
2024-01-25
Materials and methods Results Discussion Intracellular metabolic pathways of sugar, such as glycolysis and TCA cycle, provide material and energy for the synthesis of other substances, including amino acids. Thus, the content of sugars and their metabolic pathways are important for amino 4E
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A key step in the ADAR reaction
2024-01-25
A key step in the ADAR reaction is the formation of the adenosine covalent hydrate with a tetrahedral center at C6. The nucleoside analog 8-azanebularine (box in Fig. 6), with its relatively high propensity to form a covalent hydrate, is useful as an adenosine replacement in ADAR2 substrates to trap
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The cytoplasmic domain of muscle AChR is not accessible
2024-01-25
The cytoplasmic domain of muscle AChR is not accessible to ryanodine synthesis in vivo. Theoretically, therapy with the cytoplasmic domains should be safe. Safety is demonstrated by the facts that: (1) rats repeatedly immunized with the cytoplasmic domains in TiterMax adjuvant do not develop EAMG, a
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Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder
2024-01-25
Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic DMAT receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. Experime
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br AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene
2024-01-25
AChE variants and their functions The AChE gene generates several splice variants of AChE which are designated as hydrophobic (H), readthrough (R) and tailed (T) forms differing in membrane association and also localisation on a tissue and sub-cellular level. They all undergo significant posttran
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Materials and methods br Results br Discussion ATX plays
2024-01-24
Materials and methods Results Discussion ATX plays a significant role in initiating and sustaining tumor metastasis [43]. LPA stimulates cell proliferation, migration and survival by acting on its cognate G-protein-coupled receptors. Aberrant LPA production, receptor ON-01910 and signaling pr
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