• A central question that arises in

  2025-02-08

  

  A central question that arises in this discussion is whether enhanced neurobehavioral responses to food cues emerge as a consequence of weight gain, or whether there are intrinsic differences in the motivational responses to food cues that precede weight gain. In support of pre-existing differences,

• In pancreatic islets we found

  2025-02-08

  

  In pancreatic islets we found an increase in protein expression of leukocyte 12/15-LO that paralleled the metabolic decline characterized by severe hyperglycemia and reduced islet numbers. Similar increase in 12/15-LO expression by Western blot was found in the control mice, which have a normal meta

• Differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is

  2025-02-08

  

  Differentiation of skeletal myoblasts is a tightly orchestrated process that involves myoblast proliferation, dopamine receptors withdrawal, expression of muscle-specific genes, and fusion into multinucleated myofibers (Horsley and Pavlath, 2004; Krauss, 2010). The maintenance of muscle mass is imp

• AKT activity is also self limiting through its

  2025-02-08

  

  AKT activity is also self-limiting through its substrate GSK3β; the kinase activity of which is negatively regulated by AKT phosphorylation (Fig. 3; Li, Liu, & Gao, 2009). GSK3β activation results in phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitin mediated degradation of PHLPP (Li et al., 2009). AKT activa

• Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAHs are abundant environme

  2025-02-08

  

  Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are abundant environmental contaminants that are produced by the incomplete combustion of organic matter, combustion engines, residential heating, Cancer research burning, and industrial activities (Gelboin, 1980; Phillips, 1999, Phillips, 2002). Some PAHs hav

• Unlike in humans hepatic expression of FGF increases in mice

  2025-02-08

  

  Unlike in humans, hepatic expression of FGF21 increases in mice consuming KD and is a necessary mediator of the physiologic adaptations to the diet. FGF21 knockout (KO) mice gain, rather than lose weight on the diet [6]. FGF21 also activates BAT in part by increasing SNS drive [3,7]. In addition, th

• br Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte fu

  2025-02-08

  

  Functional consequences of ADK regulation on astrocyte function As outlined above (see introduction), ADK critically regulates the extracellular adenosine levels in PRE-084 hydrochloride (Boison, 2006, Etherington et al., 2009). Changes in the levels of adenosine, as a result of the regulation of

• br Acknowledgement This work was supported by

  2025-02-08

  

  Acknowledgement This work was supported by grants from the American Heart Association Scientist Development Grant (SDG) to A. Elmarakby and 1R01EY023315-01 award to M. Al-Shabrawey. Introduction Inflammatory response is the result of a complex interaction between immune azelnidipine and seve

• The purpose of the present study

  2025-02-08

  

  The purpose of the present study is (1) to characterize AChE from the monogonont B. koreanus and to analyze the modulation of the AChE activity and its transcription level after exposure to six pharmaceuticals, (2) to evaluate the usefulness of AChE as a molecular biomarker upon pharmaceutical expos

• The first suggestions that the cleaved

  2025-02-08

  

  The first suggestions that the cleaved intracellular domain of APP, AICD, might transit to the nucleus and hence selectively regulate gene transcription arose from analogies with the Notch receptor signalling system where similar intra-membrane proteolysis occurs [84], [85] and it was later confirme

• The acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibitor tacrine THA exerts n

  2025-02-08

  

  The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, tacrine (THA), exerts neuroprotective effects in time- and does-dependent manners against glutamate neurotoxicity (Takada-Takatori et al., 2006a, 2006b) and amyloid-β protein toxicity in PC12, a pheochromocytoma line (Wang et al., 2002; Xiao et al., 2000).

• The combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors with

  2025-02-07

  

  The combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors with standard chemotherapeutics or radiotherapeutics are currently in progress, such as AZD1152 plus radiotherapy in various solid cancer models. In addition, Azzariti et al. found that AZD1152-HQPA enhanced oxaliplatin and gemcitabine effectiveness in the

• The LO has so far

  2025-02-07

  

  The 15-LO-1 has so far only been found in humans and rabbit reticulocytes [3], [20] and the rabbit 15-LO-1 protein demonstrate 81% identity to the human 15-LO-1. However, rabbit monocytes express an enzyme with mainly 12-LO activity [20], [21]. The high degree of sequence conservation between these

• Human hepatocyte transplantation resulted in some animals

  2025-02-07

  

  Human hepatocyte transplantation resulted in some animals with relatively sparse repopulation while others had >90% of their liver containing human hepatocytes. The presence of circulating human albumin varied based on the amount of repopulation as the degree of humanization is reported to correlate

• br Materials and methods br Results

  2025-02-07

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion In this study, the orphan receptor GPR25 was cloned from several representative vertebrate species including zebrafish. Although the overall amino calcium ionophore sequence identity among these species is not high (38–52%), our synteny analysis cle

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